Getting started

Welcome to the TON Quick start guide! This guide will give you a starting point for further research into TON concepts and basic practical experience in developing applications with TON Ecosystem.

Prerequisites

• Basic programming knowledge.
• Around 30 minutes of your time.

Note: We will provide a short explanation of core concepts during the guide, but if you prefer a more theoretical approach, you can check out the core concepts of TON Blockchain first.

What you'll learn

• Understand the key principles of TON Blockchain, including messages, smart contracts, and addresses.
• Interact with TON Ecosystem, including wallets and blockchain explorers.
• Interact with TON Blockchain, such as reading from and writing data.
• Set up a development environment using the Blueprint for smart contract development.
• Start writing smart contracts using the FunC, Tolk, and Tact programming languages in TON.

Concept of smart contract

You can think of smart contracts in TON as programs running on the blockchain, following the well-known behavioral concept of the actor model.

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In contrast to other blockchains, where you can call other contract codes synchronously, a smart contract in TON is a standalone entity that communicates equally with other smart contracts. Smart contracts interact by sending messages to each other, and the processing of these messages happens asynchronously due to the asynchronous nature of transactions in TON.

Each processing of a message by the receiving smart contract is considered a transaction, resulting in the following actions:

• Sending further messages.
• Changing internal data or even the code of the smart contract itself.
• Changing its balance.

The available interfaces of a smart contract are:

• Receiving internal messages from another smart contract.
• Receiving external messages from outside the blockchain.
• Receiving get methods requests from outside the blockchain.

In contrast to internal and external messages, get methods are not considered a transaction. They are special functions of the smart contract that cannot change the contract's internal state or perform any other action except querying specific data from the contract's state.

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Contrary to what might seem intuitive, invoking get methods from other contracts is not possible.

Interacting with TON Ecosystem

Before we start our journey to becoming TON developers, we should become advanced users of TON! Let's create your own wallet, send a few transactions, and see how our actions are reflected on the blockchain using explorers.

Step 1: create a new wallet using an app

The simplest way to create a wallet is to visit https://ton.org/wallets and choose one of the wallet apps from the list. They are all pretty similar, so let's choose Tonkeeper. Go ahead, install it, and run it.

Step 2: Mainnet and Testnet

In TON, there are two different networks called Mainnet and Testnet, each with distinct roles:

• Mainnet is the primary network where actual transactions take place, carrying real economic value as they involve real cryptocurrency.
• Testnet is a testing version of TON Blockchain designed for development and testing purposes. It's a risk-free zone for developers to test without financial implications. It's mainly used for development, testing smart contracts, and trying new features.

Getting funds

Transactions in TON always require some amount of funds, as executing a smart contract code requires a fee payment. TON basic transactions are very cheap—about 1 cent per transaction. Getting the equivalent of $5 worth of Toncoin will be enough for hundreds of them. Here’s how you can get them:

• For Mainnet, you can get Toncoins by simply pressing the buy button in the user interface or asking someone to send them to your address. You can copy the address from the wallet app, which is usually located near your balance.

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Don't worry, sharing your address is totally safe, unless you don't want it to be associated with you.

• For the Testnet version, you can request funds from the Testgiver Ton Bot completely for free! After a short wait, you will receive 2 Toncoins that will appear in your wallet app.

Step 3: creating Testnet wallet

If you decide to use the Testnet version, you can do so by following the guide below.

Generating a mnemonic

To create your first Testnet wallet in Tonkeeper, you should obtain a mnemonic using the button below. Do not forget to save this phrase!

Your mnemonic:
s

Creating wallet

To create Testnet wallet, click Wallet -> Add Wallet -> TestnetAccount. Then, import the seed phrase generated in the previous step.

Step 4: exploring TON Blockchain

Congratulations! We’ve created our first wallet and received some funds in it. Now, let's take a look at how our actions are reflected in the blockchain. We can do this by using various explorers.

An explorer is a tool that allows you to query data from the chain, investigate TON smart contracts, and view transactions. For our examples, we are going to use Tonviewer.

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Note that when using the Testnet, you should manually change the explorer mode to the Testnet version. Don't forget that these are different networks that do not share any transactions or smart contracts. Therefore, your Testnet wallet will not be visible in Mainnet mode and vice versa.

Let's take a look at our newly created wallet using the explorer: copy your wallet address from the app and insert it into the search bar of the explorer like this:

Address state

First, let's examine the common address state of our smart contract:

• Nonexisting: If you haven't received funds to your address yet, you will see the default state for any address that has not been used before and, therefore, has no data.

• Uninit: Stands for an address that has some metadata, such as funds, but hasn't been initialized by deployed smart contract code or data.

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This might seem unintuitive: why is your wallet in the uninit state when you’ve already created it? There is a small difference between the wallet app and the wallet smart contract:

• The wallet app is your off-chain client for the wallet smart contract.
• The wallet smart contract is the contract itself. Since its deployment requires some fees, most wallet apps don’t actually deploy the wallet smart contract until you receive funds on your address and try to make your first transaction.

• Active: This is the state of a deployed smart contract with a positive balance. To deploy our wallet, let's send the first transaction to someone special—ourselves—and see how it looks on the blockchain. Enter the send menu in your wallet app and transfer some funds to your own address that you’ve copied before. In the explorer, our contract should start looking something like this:

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There is also a fourth state called frozen, which stands for a smart contract with a storage charge that exceeds its balance. In this state, the smart contract cannot perform any operations.

And here we are — our wallet contract is deployed and ready to use. Let's examine the provided user interface:

Metadata section

• Address: Your account's unique ID (e.g., QQB...1g6VdFEg).
• Balance: Current TON amount.
• Type: Contract version (e.g., wallet_v5r1 – detected automatically by code).
• State: Address state. It may be nonexisting, uninit, active, or frozen.

Navigation tabs

• History/Transactions: Displays recent activity (e.g., received funds, contract deployments).
• Code: Shows raw smart contract code compiled from FunC/Tact/Tolk.
• Methods: Allows execution of get methods to retrieve persistent contract data.

Next steps

• Now that you’ve tried the wallet app, take a moment to explore further: create another wallet account, try sending some TON between them, and observe how the transactions appear in the explorer.
• When you're ready, move on to the next step:

Reading from network

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